Carl Seaver

What was the Encomienda System?

The encomienda system was a Spanish feudal system prevalent in the 16th century in the Americas. Although it was purported to benefit the Indigenous communities over which it ruled, it was, in essence, very thinly veiled slavery. It led to the Spanish conquistadors amassing land in the colonies and taking advantage of the labor of […]

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German Hyperinflation Made A Loaf of Bread Cost 200 Billion Marks in 1923

Before World War One, Germany was a prosperous nation. In the decades since its unification, it had become an industrial powerhouse leading Europe in fields like chemicals, machinery, and optics. Its gold-backed currency traded at comparable rates to the British shilling, Italian lira, and French Franc (about 4-5:1 against the U.S. Dollar). Nine years later, hyperinflation hit its

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